Intervensi Pemulihan Psikososial Untuk Pasien Dengan Gangguan Jiwa Atau Skizofrenia Studi Literatur
), M. Akbar Nugraha(2),
(1) , Indonesia
(2) , Indonesia
Corresponding Author
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Submitted : 2019-11-04
Published : 2020-05-15
Abstract
Intervensi pemulihan yang diberikan harus berfokus pada pemulihan kepada orang-orang dengan gangguan mental memiliki masalah yang kompleks, praktisi kesehatan mental harus terampil dalam melibatkan pengguna layanan dan membangun hubungan saling percaya dari waktu ke waktu untuk memungkinkan diskusi yang kolaboratif tentang pandangan serta tujuan pemulihan. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi secara sistematis intervensi pemulihan psikososial untuk pasien dengan gangguan jiwa atau skizofrenia. Artikel diidentifikasi dari tahun 2010-2019 dengan melakukan pencarian literatur (berfokus pada Psychosocial Recovery Interventions) dalam database elektronik ( Scopus, Sage Publications, Science Direct dan, Wiley Online (Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry & Health Care)). Hasil pencarian 32 artikel jurnal yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Intervensi pemulihan psikososial dibagi menjadi beberapa kategori berdasarkan intervensi dan tujuan intervensi yaitu intervensi psikososial berfokus pada adaptasi, pemberdayaan pasien, kolaborasi tim kesehatan, merubah pikiran dan perilaku, peningkatan pengetahuan, seni, rekreasi, merubah emosi, kognisi dan sosial, dan pemulihan kesehatan. Intervensi psikososial memiliki manfaat sebagai perbaikan kognitif, mengurangi gejala negatif, meningkatkan kepatuhan dan mengurangi kekambuhan, mengurangi intensitas atau kesulitan terkait dengan gejala, peningkatan kepercayaan diri dan harapan, perasaan yang kurang yang didominasi oleh gejala, fungsi psikososial, psikopatologi dan mengurangi kesulitan psikososial.
Recovery interventions provided must be focus on recovery for people with mental disorders who have complex problems, mental health practitioners must be competent in engaging service users and building trusting relationships all the time to enable collaborative discussions about the views and goals recovery. The purpose of this article is to systematically identify psychosocial recovery interventions for patients with mental disorders or schizophrenia.Articles were identified from 20102019 by searching literature (focusing on Psychosocial Recovery Interventions) in electronic databases (Scopus, Sage Publications, Science Direct and, Wiley Online (Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry & Health Care)). There are 32 journal articles that suitable the inclusion criteria. Psychosocial recovery interventions are divided into several categories based on interventions and the goals of intervention, namely psychosocial interventions focusing on adaptation, patient empowerment, health team collaboration, changing cognitive and behavior, increasing knowledge, art, recreation, changing emotions, cognition and social, and health recovery. Psychosocial interventions have benefits as cognitive improvement, reduce negative symptoms, increase adherence and reduce recurrence, reduce the intensity or difficulty associated with symptoms, increase selfconfidence and expectations, feelings that are less dominated by symptoms, psychosocial functions, psychopathology and reduce psychosocial difficulties
Keywords
References
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