INTERVENSI PEMULIHAN PSIKOSOSIAL UNTUK PASIEN DENGAN GANGGUAN JIWA ATAU SKIZOFRENIA: STUDI LITERATUR
), M. Akbar Nugraha(2),
(1) Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia, Indonesia
(2) ,
Corresponding Author
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Submitted : 2020-01-21
Published : 2020-05-15
Abstract
Intervensi pemulihan yang diberikan harus berfokus pada pemulihan kepada orang-orang dengan gangguan mental memiliki masalah yang kompleks, praktisi kesehatan mental harus terampil dalam melibatkan pengguna layanan dan membangun hubungan saling percaya dari waktu ke waktu untuk memungkinkan diskusi yang kolaboratif tentang pandangan serta tujuan pemulihan. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi secara sistematis intervensi pemulihan psikososial untuk pasien dengan gangguan jiwa atau skizofrenia. Artikel diidentifikasi dari tahun 2010-2019 dengan melakukan pencarian literatur (berfokus pada psychosocial recovery interventions) dalam database elektronik (scopus, sage publications, science direct, dan, Wiley Online (Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry & Health Care)). Hasil pencarian 32 artikel jurnal yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Intervensi pemulihan psikososial dibagi menjadi beberapa kategori berdasarkan intervensi dan tujuan intervensi yaitu intervensi psikososial berfokus pada adaptasi, pemberdayaan pasien, kolaborasi tim kesehatan, merubah pikiran dan perilaku, peningkatan pengetahuan, seni, rekreasi, merubah emosi, kognisi dan sosial, dan pemulihan kesehatan. Intervensi psikososial memiliki manfaat sebagai perbaikan kognitif, mengurangi gejala negatif, meningkatkan kepatuhan dan mengurangi kekambuhan, mengurangi intensitas atau kesulitan terkait dengan gejala, peningkatan kepercayaan diri dan harapan, perasaan yang kurang yang didominasi oleh gejala, fungsi psikososial, psikopatologi dan mengurangi kesulitan psikososial.
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References
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